Characterization of Optical Properties, X-Ray Diffraction and FourierTransform Infrared Spectroscopy of Undoped Zinc Sulphide and Cu, Ni, Co-Doped Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) Thin FilmPrepared By Chemical Bath Method.

Abstract

In this work, a film of ZnS was deposited on a glass substrate using chemical bath technique. The bath was made up of Zinc Chloride, Potassium hydroxide, Ammonium nitrate, and thiourea. Where the Zinc Chloride dissociate to give Zinc ion, Ammonium nitrate serves as the complexing agent. Thiourea dissociates to give Sulfur ion, potassium hydroxide is to control the pH. The effect of variation in volume or capacity. (5mil, 10mil, 15mil) of the doped impurities (Cu, Co, Ni) was studied where copper was obtained from Chalcopyrite and bornite. Cobalt was obtained from cobaltite (metallic ore) and Nickel was obtained from ion-nickel-sulfides such as pentlandite, after their variations were studied, their optical properties were also examined using optical spectrophotometer, their physical properties were also examined using the X-ray diffractometer, and their infrared spectrum of absorption were also examined using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. By using the optical spectrophotometer, we observed that the film has high absorbance (Co(10ml)) ZnS thin film, high transmittance (Co(15ml)) ZnS thin film, and a peak reflectance (Co(5ml)) ZnS thin film which can be used to produce solar panels, glass plate and glass mirror respectively. By using the x-ray diffraction analysis, amorphous type crystalline structures were found in films, and by using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the films infrared spectrum was known, obtained ZnS films were optically transparent with band gap energies values between 1.0-3.5 ev while the critical parameter of the bath for obtaining high quality films is the pH, with 11.5 as initial value.